Patrick Gingras is a lawyer and is the Director of the Information Technology and Intellectual Property Law Branch of the Quebec Department of Justice. He holds a bachelor of civil law (LL.B.) from the Université de Sherbrooke, a master of laws (LL.M.) specializing in information technology from the Université de Montréal, a master of business administration (MBA) with specialization in e-business from Université Laval, and a certificate in cyber investigation from the École Polytechnique de Montréal. Mr. Gingras teaches at various universities and is a regular speaker for judges, lawyers, professional associations and government agencies. He is also the author of many publications on law and information technology.